COLES Y-DNA
Y-DNA results place Barbara's COLES line in haplotype R1b1b2a1b4c (R-L2 - Western Atlantic Modal Haplotype). These results by marker reveal the following: Locus/DYS/Alleles: 1/393/13; 2/390/24; 3/19(394)/14; 4/391/11; 5/385a/11; 6/385b/14; 7/426/12; 8/388/12; 9 /439/12; 10/389-1/13; 11/392/13; 12/389-2/29; 13/458/19; 14/459a/9; 15/459b/9; 16/455/11; 17/454/11; 18/447/25; 19/437/15; 20/448/19; 21/449/28; 22/464a/15; 23/464b/17; 24/464c/17; 25/464d/17; 26/460/; 27/GATA H4/; 28/YCAIIa/; 29/YCAIIb/; 30/456/; 31/607/; 32/576/; 33/570/; 34/CDYa/; 35/CDYb/; 36/442/; 37/438/; 38/531/11; 39/578/9; 40/395S1a/15; 41/395S1b/16; 42/590/8; 43/537/11; 44/641/10; 45/472/8; 46/406S1/9; 47/511/11; 48/425/; 49/413a/; 50/413b/; 51/557/; 52/594/; 53/436/; 54/490/; 55/534/; 56/450/; 57/444/; 58/481/; 59/520/; 60/446/; 61/617/12; 62/568/11; 63/487/13; 64/572/11; 65/640/11; 66/492/12; 67/565/12.
[SNP Test: L2+ L23+ P312+ U152+; L20- L21- L4- M126- M160- U106-]
SHEA Y-DNA
Y-DNA results also place Barbara's SHEA line in haplotype R1b1b2a1b5 (R-L21 - Irish Type IV Modal Haplotype). These results by marker reveal the following: Locus/DYS/Alleles: 1/393/13; 2/390/24; 3/19(394)/14; 4/391/10; 5/385a/12; 6/385b/15; 7/426/13; 8/388/12; 9 /439/12; 10/389-1/13; 11/392/12; 12/389-2/29; 13/458/18; 14/459a/9; 15/459b/10; 16/455/11; 17/454/11; 18/447/25; 19/437/15; 20/448/19; 21/449/30; 22/464a/15; 23/464b/15; 24/464c/15; 25/464d/18; 26/460/10; 27/GATA H4/10; 28/YCAIIa/19; 29/YCAIIb/23; 30/456/15; 31/607/15; 32/576/17; 33/570/18; 34/CDYa/36; 35/CDYb/39; 36/442/12; 37/438/12
[SNP Test: L21+M222-M37-P66-]
These demonstrate that Barbara's SHEA/O'SHEA line descends from Odanus Ua Séaghdha (O'Shea) of Iveragh, Co. Kerry. The O'Shea Chiefs were Lords of Uíbh Ráthach (Iveragh), with their chief seat at Seisceann Uí Shéaghdha (literally, "O'Shea's Marsh," and often rendered Sesknan, Shaskan, or even Texnane O'Shea) near the source of the River Inny in the center of the Iveragh peninsula, County Kerry.
BARBARA’S mtDNA
The matrilineal lineage is revealed through mtDNA results to be "Ursula" (U2). These show descent from "Ursula" of Bryan Sykes' "The Seven Daughters of Eve". DNA results: HVR1 Haplogroup - U2; HVR1 Mutations - 16051G, 16129C, 16183C, 16189C, 16222T, 16362C, 16519C; HVR2 Mutations 73G, 152C, 217C, 263G, 309.1C, 309.2C, 315.1C, 340T, 508G, 523-, 524-.
BARBARA’S DNA PRINTS
A 2.0 DNA Print (based on 70 markers) revealed an ancestry that was calculated as 94% European and 6% American Indian. A 2.5 DNA Print (based on 176 markers) reveals an ancestry that is 90% European and 10% Sub-Saharan African. The Euro 1.0 (based on 320 markers) reveals a European ancestry that is 55% Northern European, 37% Southeastern European, and 8% Middle Eastern. Because of the higher number of markers used, the 2.5 DNA Print is viewed as more reliable than the 2.0 DNA Print.
The science of DNA may be substantiating some components of Irish "mythology." There is considerable speculation of links between Ireland and Africa, whether Berber or Phoenician. Regardless, the early settlers of Ireland were eventually absorbed by the Celts. The so-called "Black Irish" are more frequently found in southern Ireland than elsewhere. Occasionally a child with dark features is born into an Irish family. This is a common enough of an occurrence for there to be a name for such children rooted in Irish folklore – "Selkie." Some observers have also noted similarities between the deep roots of prehistoric Irish and African music, language, and religious practices. The Ballycottin Cross, found on the southern coast of Ireland and dated to the 9th century, bears a Kufic Arabic inscription with the phrase "Bismillah" ("In the name of Allah"), which even suggests a comparatively recent Islamic and possibly Moorish contact with Ireland.
The aforementioned 2.5 DNA Print revelation of a heritage that is 90% European and 10% Sub-Saharan African is not confirmed in the genealogical record; however, the genealogical record does confirm a heritage that is greater than 50% Celtic and overwhelmingly southern Irish.
Barbara's non-European ancestry is Sub-Saharan African via a very interesting route - the Black Irish, which she primarily inherited from her father. The family had always wondered about her tendency to heal in keloids. People of African descent are more likely to get keloids than people with lighter skin. The conjecture of a Sub-Saharan African ancestry in the Irish people dating back to the pre-Celtic people could possibly be substantiated through a broader advanced DNA testing of those with deep Celtic roots. Interestingly, those in the "Black Irish" discussion are all over the playing field. It appears that DNA may be able to resolve the question of who the Black Irish are through science.
Barbara’s predominate heritage is Irish – 3/8th. It is estimated that the English account for 2/8th and the Scots another 1/8th. A German heritage rooted in the Alsace also accounts for 1/8th. The final 1/8th is divided between the Dutch, Germans, Swedish and Welsh. Another way of stating her predominate heritage is that she is more than half Celtic. Her maternal line traces to the Rheinland-Pfalz region of Germany.
Haplogroup Description: U2 Specific mitochondrial haplogroups are typically found in different regions of the world, and this is due to unique population histories. In the process of spreading around the world, many populations—with their special mitochondrial haplogroups—became isolated, and specific haplogroups concentrated in geographic regions. Today, we have identified certain haplogroups that originated in Africa, Europe, Asia, the islands of the Pacific, the Americas, and even particular ethnic groups. Of course, haplogroups that are specific to one region are sometimes found in another, but this is due to recent migration.
The mitochondrial super-haplogroup U encompasses haplogroups U1-U7 and haplogroup K. Haplogroup U2 is found distributed in the Near East and Europe, though it is maintained in a rather low frequency throughout. This sparse, yet widespread, dissemination, when combined with the presence of an allied haplogroup found in India, suggests that haplogroup U2 is very old, and was likely an early lineage of the super-haplogroup U, which arose greater than 50,000 years ago.
